朗閣海外考試研究中心

武漢朗閣培訓(xùn)中心

新托福獨(dú)立寫作的論證方式和雅思大作文的論證方式有著一定的差異，這個(gè)差異主要體現(xiàn)在論證方式的種類數(shù)量上，雅思大作文的論證方式相對(duì)比較集中，主要是舉例，因果和對(duì)比等；而新托福獨(dú)立寫作的論證方式除了這幾種外，常見的還有假設(shè)，讓步，排比等。在接下來的文章里，朗閣海外考試研究中心的專家將和考生們一起來看看獨(dú)立寫作的這些常見論證方式。

首先在因果和舉例法的使用上，獨(dú)立寫作經(jīng)常是先因果后舉例的組合，在給出一個(gè)分論點(diǎn)后，通常先通過解釋其背后原因作為發(fā)展的第一步，然后根據(jù)原因的內(nèi)容再輔以例子進(jìn)行詳細(xì)說明。這樣論證的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是：邏輯編排上更有層次感，屬于遞進(jìn)式的論證。以下我們來看一個(gè)例子：

First of all, the reason why dance in a particular country is so unique is because many art forms are put together. People need music, costumes, singers and of course dancers to perform. Each of these art forms is unique and singular for every country.

這個(gè)段落的第一層發(fā)展是由“原因”開始的，通過解釋原因來說明舞蹈為什么可以將很多不同藝術(shù)形式結(jié)合，那么接下來，我們就可以針對(duì)這一原因舉些例子：

In old times people gathered to celebrate or mourn and every occasion had their own music and costumes. For example, ancient tribes painted their faces with ugly and strange pattern, put on colorful clothes and made strange movements around the fireplace.

通過這個(gè)例子，讀者就能很好地明白舞蹈結(jié)合不同藝術(shù)的方式了，而且古老部落以舞蹈形式祭祀這種場(chǎng)景我們?cè)诤芏嚯娨暫蜁隙伎吹竭^，因此很容易就能理解，這樣的話本段的論證目的就可以很輕松地達(dá)到了。

First of all, it is very important for a child to grow up in a healthy environment. Children need fresh air, not polluted by the huge amount of cars and factories of the modern city.