朗閣雅思培訓名師表示在雅思寫作中，提到犯罪類的寫作話題，很多學生會覺得其中的一些內(nèi)容是十分陌生的，而且在面對這類寫作話題時，會時常感到無從下手，不知從何談起。以下是與犯罪類有關(guān)的三大原則，考生如將這幾大原則靈活地運用到自己的文章中去，即使再碰到類似話題，也不會措手不及了。

　　量刑原則

　　1. Some people believe that there should be fixed punishment for each type of crime. Others, however, argue that the circumstances of an individual crime, and the motivation for committing it, should always be taken into account when deciding on the punishment. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

　　Arguments for fixed punishment:

　　1.固定懲罰可以確保公正性

　　Fixed punishment is a sure measure to avoid any unfairness occurring in the court of law, guaranteeing the justice of laws, regardless of their gender, race, religion, social status, etc.

　　2.固定懲罰可以起到震懾作用

　　This kind of penalty exerts a deterring effect on the potential criminals, i.e., if someone is inclined to commit some offenses, they would not make decisions easily.

　　Arguments against fixed punishment:

　　1.在一些特殊情況下的犯罪可以減刑

　　Some offenders do not intend to do illegal deeds, but either are forced to do so or are for self-protection purposes.

　　2.有些犯罪動機可以得到豁免

　　Under such circumstances as natural disasters, many people steal some necessities in order to go through these difficulties, like stealing food from the grocery or markets or drugs from the hospital or clinic, which is fully justified for them to be exempt from these crimes.

　　2. Can capital punishment (death penalty) ever be justified?

　　Arguments against capital punishment:

　　1. 死刑只是對罪犯的一種處罰，而并不能夠?qū)⒎缸镄袨橹惺芎φ呱旎兀蛘哔r償其所遭受的傷害。

　　Capital punishment, which even though manages to bring the criminals to justice, could by no means compensate for physical, mental and psychological sufferings inflicted on victims, or in some extreme cases, bring back their lives.

　　2. 無論一個人犯多大的錯誤，其他人都無權(quán)剝奪其生命。（人權(quán)）

　　It is entirely unjustified to deprive one of his/her rights to live regardless of how insanely severe and cruel the offenses he/she has committed are. （This subject matter has boiled down to the controversial issue of human rights.）

　　Arguments for capital punishment:

　　1. 如果死刑犯沒有受到最為嚴厲的懲罰，那么這對受害者是不公平的。

　　It would be only fair for the victims if the criminals are subject to the greatest fear of all-death.

　　2. 如果死刑取消的話，那么很多潛在的罪犯就不會顧忌做出一些極為可怕的犯罪行為。

　　If capital punishment is ever to be done away with, the potential wrong-doers wouldn’t be deterred from committing staggeringly serious offenses among which serial murder proves particularly appalling.

　　懲處罪犯原則

　　1. Should criminals be sent to prisons or placed on education and job retraining?

　　Arguments for prison:

　　1. 監(jiān)獄同教育或就業(yè)培訓相比有很強的阻嚇作用，這樣可以有效地抑制犯罪率的上升。

　　In stark contrast to placing criminals on educational courses or employment retraining, prisons appeared more effective in deterring potential, would-be wrongdoers from committing crimes, thus drastically decreasing the likelihood of rising crime rate.

　　2. 監(jiān)獄更多地對罪犯來說是一種懲罰，因此能夠避免再犯。

　　Imprisonment is a punitive measure imposed on criminals who are highly unlikely to turn into a recidivist in consideration of their fear of setting foot into jails ever again.

　　Arguments for education and job retraining:

　　1. 罪犯在監(jiān)獄里所被包圍的是一群囚犯，這對罪犯的改造不是好的，反而是不好的影響。接受教育可以讓罪犯在一個積極的環(huán)境里，真正地意識到對與錯。

　　Surrounded by people who probably have committed even more serious charges, the “new” criminals are exposed to such destructive impact. Education serves to correct any misconception or eliminate twisted thoughts they have by immersing them in a positive environment.

　　2. 大多數(shù)罪犯往往是沒有什么文化知識和生存技能，出獄后通常很難找到工作。教育和就業(yè)培訓能夠讓他們在日后的生活中靠自己生存下去，而不至于因為沒有收入來源而再次誤入歧途。

　　A significant proportion of criminals are sadly illiterate without adequate fundamental knowledge and survival skills and it would not be easy for them to find a decent job after being released from the jail. With convenient access to education and job retraining, they are able to survive by themselves, greatly reducing the chance of becoming a recidivist in times when they are financially challenged.

　　2. Sending criminals to prison is not the best method of dealing with them. Education and job training are better ways to help them. Do you agree or disagree?

　　在支持把犯人送入監(jiān)獄的觀點與上文一樣。

　　有其他更好的方法，可以提及再教育、職業(yè)培訓、社區(qū)服務、罰款等方法都是更可行的懲罰方式。這些方式既能有效地懲罰犯罪，又為社會創(chuàng)造了財富。

　　此外，比起懲罰，預防才是降低犯罪治本的辦法，應當加強媒體宣傳，增強民眾法制觀念，關(guān)心弱勢群體。

　　青少年犯罪原則

　　In many parts of the world children and teenagers are committing more crimes.

　　Why is this case happening? How should children or teenagers be punished?

　　青少年犯罪的原因：

　　1.家庭：存在家庭暴力的家庭和被父母忽視甚至虐待的家庭中的孩子更有可能犯罪。

　　The soaring crime rate of teenagers is mainly due to the family, ranging from the domestic violence to entire ignorance to parental spoil.

　　2.媒體：電視、電腦游戲、網(wǎng)絡中充斥著大量的暴力與色情內(nèi)容。

　　The violence and pornography are so common on the internet that children and teenagers are highly exposed to this kind of inappropriate information.

　　懲罰方法：

　　1.再教育reeducation

　　A large number of teenagers commit crimes are partly because of their ignorance in the knowledge of laws and regulations, having no idea of the responsibility they will assume if they do such illegal things. Giving them education will be an effective way to make them be aware of their guilty.

　　2.社區(qū)服務community service

　　Community service enables these people to take the responsibility of making up for their crimes.

　　如果考試能將上文中出現(xiàn)的思想和句子與自己的文章進行很好的融化，那么對于這種類型的話題就不會覺得束手無策了。